As judged by their performance in battle, the Peresviet class needn't have spooked the British. In the Russo-Japanese War all three of the ships were sunk and put out of action by the Japanese. Peresviet was stationed at Port Arthur with the main fleet, along with Pobieda. They were involved in a sortie in strength in August 1904, resulting in Russian breakout and pitched battle with the Japanese battle fleet offshore as afternoon deepened into evening. Peresviet became the flagship at the Battle of the Yellow Sea after the commanding admiral was killed and his flagship Tsesarevich disabled; but Peresviet herself sustained 39 hits and had her signal halyards shot away so she was a most ineffective flagship, though she survived to sink another day, and later to serve the enemy. Sister ship Pobieda also survived the battle only to be bottled up in Port Arthur until the city fell to the Japanese in January 1905. There they were sunk by plunging fire from the heights starting in Nov. 1904. All the warships sank or scuttled by the surrender, just into the New Year. Meanwhile the third sisterOsliabya had been detained in European waters by mechanical problems, until ordered off to the Far East with the flower of the Baltic fleet in Oct. 1904. After an 18,000-nm voyage the Russian "Second Pacific Fleet" (as the Tsar dubbed the ill-assorted agglomeration) met obliteration while trying to run the strait between Japan and Korea. Leading the port column into a tornado of Japanese HE and AP projectiles at the Battle of Tsushima, Osliabya became the first of seven Russian battleships to be sunk that day. Her 2 sisters were soon raised by the Japanese during the summer of 1905, extensively rebuilt, and added to the Mikado's naval lineup in 1907-08, though they were obsolete by that time and used primarily for coastal defense. The rebuild added lengthened funnels which made the ships' profiles more comely, and improved their speed. In all six Russian oceangoing battleships and two large coast-defense ironclads with 10" guns were added to the Mikado's fleet in this way or by capture. After enjoying their peculiarities for about a decade, the Japanese were glad to sell them back to the Russians when chance placed them on the same side in WWI.
Saturday, 28 May 2011
Saturday, 21 May 2011
the marne
the marne by bum.
The Battle of the Marne (French: 1re Bataille de la Marne) (also known as the Miracle of the Marne) was a First World War battle fought between 5 and 12 September 1914. It resulted in an Allied victory against the German Army under Chief of Staff Helmuth von Moltke the Younger.all figures are renegade
The battle effectively ended the monthlong German offensive that opened the war and had reached the outskirts of Paris. The counterattack of six French field armies and one British army along the Marne River forced the German Imperial Army to abandon its push on Paris and retreat northeast, setting the stage for four years of trench warfare on the Causes
Map of the battleThe first month of the First World War had resulted in a series of victories by German forces in France and Belgium. By the end of August 1914, the whole Allied army on the Western Front had been forced into a general retreat back towards Paris.
Meanwhile, the two main German armies that had just conquered Belgium continued to advance through France. It seemed that Paris would be taken as both the French Army and the British Expeditionary Force fell back towards the Marne River.
British troops had suffered heavy casualties during the German attack into France. Field Marshal Sir John French, commander of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF), blamed his heavy losses on French vacillation and uncoordinated French withdrawals.
In particular, he blamed French General Lanrezac, commander of the French Fifth Army, for Lanrezac’s failure to fight and unannounced pullbacks, though these had effectively saved the French Fifth Army from defeat. Lanrezac, in turn, was furious with Field Marshal French for his refusal to support the Fifth Army at Guise-St. Quentin.
In particular, he blamed French General Lanrezac, commander of the French Fifth Army, for Lanrezac’s failure to fight and unannounced pullbacks, though these had effectively saved the French Fifth Army from defeat. Lanrezac, in turn, was furious with Field Marshal French for his refusal to support the Fifth Army at Guise-St. Quentin.
Relations between the British commander and the French commanders suffered greatly. Field Marshal French made plans to move all British troops back from the front along their lines of communication for rest and reorganization.hill French Commander-In-Chief Joseph Joffre persuaded the British War Secretary, Herbert Kitchener, to intervene, and Kitchener met personally with Field Marshal French. Kitchener told Field Marshal French that a withdrawal by the British would be disastrous for both the French and British. Field Marshal French agreed to keep British troops on the front line as long as their flanks were not exposed by French withdrawals.
1914.As the German First and Second Armies approached Paris, they began to swerve to the southeast away from Paris in an attempt to envelop the retreating French armies, exposing their right flank to the allies. By 3 September, Joffre had become aware of the German armies’ tactical error.
On 4 September, he made plans to halt the French and British withdrawal and attack the Germans all along the front with the French Sixth Army (150,000 men) and the aid of the British Expeditionary Force (70,000 men) under the command of Sir John French (who was prompted to join this attack by the British war minister, Lord Kitchener).
The attack was set to begin on the morning of 6 September. However, General Alexander von Kluck, the commander of the German First Army, detected the approach of the Allied forces on 5 September and, too late, began to wheel his Army to face the west.
In the morning of 5 September, battle commenced when the advancing French Sixth Army came into contact with cavalry patrols from General Hans H. K. Gronau’s IV Reserve Corps on the right flank of the German First Army near the Ourcq River. Seizing the initiative in the early afternoon, Gronau’s two divisions attacked with light artillery and infantry into the gathering Sixth Army and pushed it back into a defensive posture before the planned allied assault for the following day, but the threat to the French offensive by Kluck’s wheeled First Army in this preliminary Battle of the Ourcq (French: Bataille de l'Ourcq) ignored the allied forces advancing against his right flank, and was later reduced both by the arrival of the taxicab reinforcements from Paris and orders for Kluck to retreat to the Aisne River, delivered by Moltke’s staff officer, Oberstleutnant Richard Hentsch.
On 4 September, he made plans to halt the French and British withdrawal and attack the Germans all along the front with the French Sixth Army (150,000 men) and the aid of the British Expeditionary Force (70,000 men) under the command of Sir John French (who was prompted to join this attack by the British war minister, Lord Kitchener).
The attack was set to begin on the morning of 6 September. However, General Alexander von Kluck, the commander of the German First Army, detected the approach of the Allied forces on 5 September and, too late, began to wheel his Army to face the west.
In the morning of 5 September, battle commenced when the advancing French Sixth Army came into contact with cavalry patrols from General Hans H. K. Gronau’s IV Reserve Corps on the right flank of the German First Army near the Ourcq River. Seizing the initiative in the early afternoon, Gronau’s two divisions attacked with light artillery and infantry into the gathering Sixth Army and pushed it back into a defensive posture before the planned allied assault for the following day, but the threat to the French offensive by Kluck’s wheeled First Army in this preliminary Battle of the Ourcq (French: Bataille de l'Ourcq) ignored the allied forces advancing against his right flank, and was later reduced both by the arrival of the taxicab reinforcements from Paris and orders for Kluck to retreat to the Aisne River, delivered by Moltke’s staff officer, Oberstleutnant Richard Hentsch.
Von Kluck, in turning to meet the potential for attack on his right flank, opened up a 30 mi (48 km)-wide gap in the German lines between his First Army and the German Second Army, commanded by the cautious General Karl von Bülow, which was located to the left of the First Army.
Allied reconnaissance planes discovered the gap and reported it to commanders on the ground.
The Allies were prompt in exploiting the break in the German lines, dispatching troops from the BEF to join the French Fifth Army pouring in.on 3 September, the seemingly hopeless Allied situation suddenly changed. The Military Governor of Paris, General Galliéni — while reviewing the results of newly-obtained aerial reconnaissance was the man who discovered that the German advance had veered east of Paris, exposing the lengthening flank of the German right wing to an Allied counterattack.
Despite initial skepticism on the part of Marshal Joffre, General Galliéni was persistent and persuasive. On 4 September, six hundred Paris taxis were commandeered by the Military Governor to help transport a fresh division across the ‘City of Light’.
These troops were desperately needed to reinforce General Maunoury’s Sixth Army as it began a major counterattack against the exposed German flank. By 6 September, General von Kluck’s First German Army had been forced to fall back in the face of the increasing French pressure; this, in turn, had opened up a thirty mile gap in the German front. Surprised by the unexpected Allied counteroffensive, and increasingly worried about false rumors of Allied amphibious landings along the Belgian Coast to their rear, the German High Command ordered General von Bülow’s Second Army to fall back and reestablish contact with von Kluck’s First Army. The German drive had been turned back.
Allied reconnaissance planes discovered the gap and reported it to commanders on the ground.
The Allies were prompt in exploiting the break in the German lines, dispatching troops from the BEF to join the French Fifth Army pouring in.on 3 September, the seemingly hopeless Allied situation suddenly changed. The Military Governor of Paris, General Galliéni — while reviewing the results of newly-obtained aerial reconnaissance was the man who discovered that the German advance had veered east of Paris, exposing the lengthening flank of the German right wing to an Allied counterattack.
Despite initial skepticism on the part of Marshal Joffre, General Galliéni was persistent and persuasive. On 4 September, six hundred Paris taxis were commandeered by the Military Governor to help transport a fresh division across the ‘City of Light’.
These troops were desperately needed to reinforce General Maunoury’s Sixth Army as it began a major counterattack against the exposed German flank. By 6 September, General von Kluck’s First German Army had been forced to fall back in the face of the increasing French pressure; this, in turn, had opened up a thirty mile gap in the German front. Surprised by the unexpected Allied counteroffensive, and increasingly worried about false rumors of Allied amphibious landings along the Belgian Coast to their rear, the German High Command ordered General von Bülow’s Second Army to fall back and reestablish contact with von Kluck’s First Army. The German drive had been turned back.
Tuesday, 17 May 2011
Tuesday, 10 May 2011
apache pass by atlantic
One day in October, 1860, Apache Indians raided the ranch of John Ward on Sonoita Creek, plundered his house, took his son Mickey Free, and ran off all of his stock. John Ward was absent at the time of the raid. Upon his return, Ward immediately rode to Fort Buchanan, twelve miles to the northeast, at the head of the Sonoita Valley, and reported the raid to the Commanding Officer, Lieut. Col. Pitcain Morrison. Nothing was done at this time, the reasons to this day are unknown, but a guess would be due to the lack of troops present for duty. No reason was ever given and the pursuit of the raiders was not undertaken until January 29, 1861, three months later.
On January 29, 1861, Lieut. Col. Morrison ordered Second Lieutenant George N. Bascom, 7th U.S. Infantry, to proceed to Apache Pass, 150 miles to the Northeast to retake the boy, Mickey Free and the stolen stock. Bascom's command, consisted of 54 men mounted on mules. Also accompanying Bascom was Mr. Ward and an interpreter called Antonio. Bascom and his command arrived at the west summit of Apache Pass February 3rd and proceeded over the road two and a half miles to the Overland Mail Station.
Bascom halted his command for water, and told the station keeper Mr. Culver that he was on his way to Fort Bliss, Texas. After watering his command, Bascom continued on his way. When he had marched about one mile to one and a half miles, he halted his command in the vicinity of Goodwin Canyon and set up his camp. Bascom's command was camped in Siphon Canyon. Cochise's camp was in Goodwin Canyon, only a short distance away.
Bascom convinced Cochise to meet with him. Suspicious of Bascom's plans, Cochise brought with him his brother Coyuntwa, two nephews, his wife, and his two children. At the meeting, Cochise claimed he knew nothing of the affair. Doubting the Indian's honesty, Bascom attempted to imprison him and his family in a tent to be held hostage, but Cochise was able to escape with only a leg wound.
Bascom met Cochise at Apache Pass and captured him. Cochise escaped and Bascom captured five members of Cochise's family in retaliation, prompting Cochise to lay ambushes and capture four Americans whom he offered to trade for his family members.
On February 5, 1861, Cochise delivered a message to Bascom pleading for the release of his family, but Bascom refused and told Cochise that they "would be set free just so soon as the boy was released."
The following day, Cochise and a large party of Apaches attacked a group of Americans and captured three hostages, offering them in exchange for his family, but Bascom maintained that he would accept nothing other than the return of the boy and cattle. On February 7, 1861, Cochise and his men attacked Bascom's soldiers while they were fetching water.
According to recent sources, Cochise was known for his truthfulness and integrity and Bascom's accusations were false.
Cochise fled to Sonora. On the way, he killed the American prisoners and left their remains to be discovered by Bascom. Several days later, Bascom hanged Cochise's brother and nephews before he and his soldiers began their journey home.
The moment when Cochise discovered his brother and nephews dead has been called the moment when the Indians (the Chiricahua in particular) transferred their hatred of the Mexicans to the Americans.
Cochise's revenge in the form of numerous raids and murders were the beginning of the 25-year-long Apache Wars.
Sunday, 8 May 2011
That ol fascist nazi thang
its always been my idea that socialists, the neo lib type not real ones, create fascists and nazis.If we look at the chaos that Italy was in before Mussolini's rise to power then we'll understnd the lure of fascism that then inspired Nazism as regards the show and pomp. Atlantic produced the only sets of fascists and nazi troops and that was pretty amazing.Most plastic collectors have the ho oo sets but not the rarer 54mm sets ,These sets were made for kids so that makes it all more amazing that they were actually produced, they also produced mao and lenin
Friday, 6 May 2011
Sepoys by Divinia HillPlease wait Image not available
If you are into 54mm battles these not too well done pieces by Divinia Hill merit at least some attention as you could convert them . The first one is not as bad as the others but the ones below look terrible so you'd have to really think what to do.The only other trouble is there are no enemies so you have to get the Afghans by Lone Star
Wednesday, 4 May 2011
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